Art, Science, and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding, 4th Edition (The)

"The detail, magnitude, and scope of information presented and the very organized and methodical presentation format used throughout the text is impressive and makes this reference very user friendly."

—Jane E. Krause, BS Pharm, MS
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 2009; 73 (3) Article 123

Compounding has always been part of pharmacy practice. Today, the need for compounding is growing with the prevalence of drug shortages, outsourcing of compounding services by hospitals, and patients’ need for individualized preparations. Compounding pharmacies now have the opportunity to obtain accreditation. The Art, Science, and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding presents in a logical and progressive format all the information that pharmacists and student pharmacists need to understand the purpose and processes of compounding. Author Loyd V. Allen Jr., the preeminent expert, covers basic guidelines, economic and technical factors that compounding pharmacists must consider, and all aspects of good manufacturing practices for compounded medications.

Key Features
• The initial chapters describe the requisite facilities and equipment, record keeping, calculations, and quality control.
• A new chapter emphasizes the importance of knowing the purity and form of all ingredients to ensure that the proper dose of a compounded product is delivered.
• Fourteen chapters are devoted to the compounding of each dosage form in turn—from powders and granules to injectables.
• Additional chapters cover veterinary compounding, compounding for special populations, compounding for specific procedures, compounding for clinical studies, compounding cosmetics, compounding with hazardous drugs, and compounding in the event of a natural disaster or terrorist attack.
• Nine appendices provide essential information on the compounding process and examples of standard operating procedures.
• The necessary ingredients and steps are listed for compounding more than 200 sample formulations, including bases, vehicles, and ingredient-specific preparations.
• Updated information appears throughout this new edition.

Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
Abbreviations and Approximate Solubility Descriptors
1. Guidelines for Compounding Practices
2. Compounding Ingredient Considerations
3. Facilities, Equipment, and Supplies
4. Records and Record Keeping
5. Stability of Compounded Preparations
6. Pharmaceutical Compounding Calculations
7. Quality Control
8. Flavors, Sweeteners, and Colors
9. Preservations, Sterilization, and Depyrogenation
10. Powders and Granules
11. Capsules
12. Tablets
13. Lozenges/Troches
14. Suppositories and Inserts
15. Sticks
16. Solutions
17. Suspensions
18. Emulsions
19. Ointments, Creams, and Pastes
20. Gels
21. Ophthalmic, Otic, and Nasal Preparations
22. Inhalation Preparations
23. Parenteral Preparations
24. Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, and Pharmacogenomics
25. Special Populations and Preparations
26. Veterinary Pharmaceuticals
27. Compounding for Clinical Studies
28. Cosmetics for Special Populations and for Use as Vehicles
29. Compounding with Hazardous Drugs
30. Compounding for Terrorist Attacks and Natural Disasters
Appendix I – Drugs and Dosage Forms Not to be Compounded (The FDA Negative List)
Appendix II – Standard Operating Procedures
Appendix III – Specific Gravity Values of Selected Liquids
Appendix IV – Using Weight-Related Conversion Factors
Appendix V – Sodium Chloride Equivalent Values of Selected Agents
Appendix VI – Buffers and Buffer Solutions
Appendix VII – Allowable Endotoxin Levels in Parenteral Preparations
Appendix VIII – Viscosity-Increasing Agents for Aqueous and Nonaqueous Systems
Appendix IX – Disinfecting Agents Used in Compounding Pharmacies
Index