He Did Not Conquer by Madelaine Drohan is a compelling blend of historical narrative and investigative insight that challenges the conventional glorification of colonial figures. Centered on General Charles Gordon, the book critically examines his military exploits and imperial ambitions, particularly in Africa. Drohan skillfully peels back the layers of myth surrounding Gordon, revealing a man driven by personal conviction but also blinded by arrogance and a distorted sense of mission. Through rich archival research and balanced storytelling, she exposes how his actions, far from heroic, often left chaos and suffering in their wake.

What sets this book apart is its timely reassessment of historical "conquerors" in light of ongoing global conversations about colonialism and historical accountability. Drohan does not just critique Gordon; she interrogates the entire colonial mindset that enabled and excused his failures. The writing is both accessible and rigorous, making complex historical dynamics understandable without oversimplification. He Did Not Conquer invites readers to think more critically about who we choose to celebrate in history and why—a necessary and thought-provoking read for anyone interested in imperial history or modern debates about legacy and justice.