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The Zoo Lady

How Belle Benchley Built the San Diego Zoo

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Pub Date Oct 1 2026 | Archive Date Sep 30 2026


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Description

The struggling San Diego Zoo received a miracle in 1927: Belle Jennings Benchley, a middle-aged, newly divorced mother, reluctantly accepted a temporary job she openly “dreaded.” Small in stature and matronly in appearance, she charmed everyone she met—but beneath that gentle demeanor lay a leader of steel.

Benchley was just as likely to be found nurturing a vulnerable infant animal or calming fighting primates as she was wrestling a rattlesnake. Through these hands-on encounters, she won the deep affection of staff and visitors alike. Despite her lack of scientific credentials, the “Zoo Lady,” as she was fondly called, relied on curiosity and common sense to help build what would become a world-class institution. Drawing insights from the animals themselves rather than the era’s rigid authorities, she pioneered conservation practices guided by her “animal instinct,” a term she coined.

Benchley authored four best-selling books that humorously illustrated that animals are not so different from people. Even as she faced relentless pressure to “stay in her place,” she met every challenge with unshakable courage. Over nearly three decades, Benchley transformed the San Diego Zoo into a global landmark, inventing groundbreaking educational programs that mentored generations of conservation leaders.

A true trailblazer, Benchley paved the way for future icons like Jane Goodall and Dian Fossey, becoming the world’s first woman director of a major zoo and the first woman elected president of the national association now known as the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. The Zoo Lady tells the extraordinary story of a woman whose courage and compassion forever changed zoology and reshaped the way we see—and care for—the animal world.

The struggling San Diego Zoo received a miracle in 1927: Belle Jennings Benchley, a middle-aged, newly divorced mother, reluctantly accepted a temporary job she openly “dreaded.” Small in stature and...


Advance Praise

“For all zoo and history fans, this is a must! Once again, with her impeccable research and splendid storytelling, Sandra Bonura has resurrected the story of a forgotten San Diego pioneer. In this lovingly crafted, definitive biography of Belle Benchley, Bonura brings to life one of the most remarkable women of her century.”—Ken Kramer, creator and host of the KPBS series Ken Kramer’s About San Diego

“It’s about time that Belle Benchley had her own modern biography. She was a trailblazing woman leader if there ever was one!”—Lynda Rutledge Stephenson, author of The San Diego Zoo: The First Century and the best-selling novel West with Giraffes

“Belle Benchley broke the glass ceiling of the zoological world. She was the first woman zoo director and the first woman president of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. In a professional world surrounded entirely by men, this amazing woman broke barriers, blazing a trail for the many incredibly talented female professionals to follow.”—Dan Ashe, president and CEO of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums

“Belle Benchley’s story—nearly lost to history—comes vividly alive in Sandra Bonura’s moving portrait of the woman whose compassion and determination carried the San Diego Zoo through its most uncertain times and changed the future of zoos around the world.”—Kathi Diamant, author of Heart of the Zoo: How San Diego Zoo Director Chuck Bieler Earned His Stripes

“Sandra Bonura captures and brings to life San Diego’s rich history in ways few historians match. Her biography of Belle Benchley reveals the extraordinary, little-known story of a woman who made history and whose legacy still resonates today.”—William Lawrence, president and CEO of the San Diego History Center

“Belle Benchley is an inspiring figure for anyone who aspires to be a champion for wildlife professionally. As the world’s first woman zoo director, she helped pave the way for women like me to lead major zoological institutions today. She was a driving force behind the modern zoos we see today, always focusing on improving animal care and creating impactful educational opportunities for future generations.”—Jo-Elle Mogerman, president and CEO of the Philadelphia Zoo

“Belle Benchley was a true pioneer whose legacy continues to inspire the global zoo and aquarium community. As the first woman zoo director in the world, her vision and leadership broke barriers and advanced animal care and conservation—a path the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums continues moving forward today.”—Karen Fifield, chief executive of Te Nukuao Wellington Zoo in New Zealand and president of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums

“For all zoo and history fans, this is a must! Once again, with her impeccable research and splendid storytelling, Sandra Bonura has resurrected the story of a forgotten San Diego pioneer. In this...


Available Editions

EDITION Hardcover
ISBN 9781496246240
PRICE $36.95 (USD)
PAGES 320

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BISAC Codes

BIO022000 BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / Women
HIS058000 HISTORY / Women
SCI070000 SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Zoology / General
HIS036040 HISTORY / United States / 19th Century

Average rating from 4 members


Featured Reviews

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Thanks to the University of Nebraska Press and NetGalley for this free eBook ARC in return for my honest review.

Another outstanding effort by Dr. Sandra Bonura. This time she turns her research onto Belle Benchley who was the force behind the development of the World Famous San Diego Zoo. The author sheds light on this now forgotten lady who was assigned to work on a temporary 2-week position at the zoo, and stayed for almost 30 years. Never received the title of Director, she nonetheless ran all aspects of the zoo during her tenure. She was able to procure many unique animals, and even though she did not have a college degree in zoology (she was a college-educated teacher) she had an amazing ability to bond with the animals. Filled with truly amazing stories of her life and times, this is a book that grows upon you the longer you read it. Her time at the zoo encompassed the Depression, World War 2 and food rationing. Never one to complain, her tireless efforts are captured here by Dr. Bonura, and is a welcome addition to her books on famous and now mostly forgotten Californians!
4.5****

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This book thoroughly covers the life and career of the equally admirable and formidable Belle Benchley, the woman largely responsible for the growth and development of the San Diego Zoo into the revered institution it is today. Although she started as an executive secretary, she soon became the de facto zoo director, a position she held for almost thirty years without ever receiving the appropriate title or salary commensurate with her actual role.

On the one hand, her inspirational life and career clearly illustrate that a woman can be more than capable in a position of power. On the other hand, she had to fight for every achievement and was not always accepted or taken seriously by many of the men she dealt with, at least those outside of the zoo. Her employees loved her. She was a strict but fair leader who truly demonstrated deep love and concern for both the people who worked for her and the animals in her care.

Her deep love and respect for animals led to changes in how the zoo was run and its primary purpose. Her humane changes to how the zoo housed, fed, and cared for its animals not only provided a blueprint for the future of the San Diego Zoo, but also set the standard for zoos around the world. To her, the zoo was not about spectacle; it was about research, learning, and conservation.

Highlights of the book include chapters on the zoo's acquisitions of its first gorillas, giraffes, and koalas. It also includes numerous pictures from Belle's granddaughter's own private collection. If you are an animal lover, you will definitely want to read this heartwarming and inspiring true tale of the woman behind the rise of one of the world's most famous and beloved zoos.

Movie: UFOs and God

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The Zoo Lady follows the career of Belle Benchley from daughter, to educator, to bookkeeper, to director (in all but name) of the San Diego Zoo. If you’ve visited Southern California and the San Diego Zoo the names in this book will sound familiar. Bonura weaves the events of Benchley’s life with those of prominent Californians of the time. Even having lived in California and been a zoo member, making multiple visits to the San Diego Zoo and Wild Animal, I knew nothing about the contributions of Benchley to these outstanding institutions. Her story is truly inspirational. Through determination, hard work, and never backing down from a challenge, Benchley took a struggling zoo in financial distress to an establishment renowned by not only visitors, but the scientists and agencies focused on animal health and welfare. While it is important to remember that Benchley’s work was happening in the early 19th century when much less was known about animal psychology and mental health, what is inspiring is the way that Benchley’s own observations and time spent talking with the zookeepers and zoo workers put her ahead of her times in trying to ensure that the animals at the San Diego Zoo were treated well (for the time) and were safe in her care. This included her efforts to increase public education of the zoo and utilize animals as ambassadors to promote not only interest in funding the zoo, but for increasing the respect and care of the animals under the zoo’s care.

This book will appeal to anyone who wants to learn more about how the San Diego Zoo came to be what it is today and wants to learn more about the somewhat forgotten woman who made it all possible.

4.5/5 stars

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